1
EASA Mass and Balance legislation can be found in:
EU-OPS 1 subpart K
EU-OPS 1 subpart A
EU-OPS 1 subpart J
EU-OPS 1 subpart D
2
The mass and centre of gravity of an aircraft must be established by actual weighing:
by the pilot on entry of aircraft into service
by the manufacturer prior to initial entry of aircraft into service
by the engineers before commencing service
by the owner operator before the first flight of the day
3
The operator must establish the mass of the traffic load:
prior to initial entry into service
prior to embarking on the aircraf
by actual weighing or determine the mass of the traffic load in accordance
with standard masses as specified in EU-OPS subpart J
by using an appropriate method of calculation as specified in the EU-OPS 1
subpart J
4
The mass of the fuel load must be determined:
by the pilot using actual density or by density calculation specified in the
Operations Manual
by the operator using actual density or by density calculation specified in the
Operations Manual
by the owner using actual density or by density calculation specified in EUOPS 1 subpart J
by the fuel bowser operator using actual density or by density calculation
specified in the Fuelling Manual
5
The dry operating mass is the total mass of the aeroplane ready for a specific type of operation and includes:
Crew and their baggage, catering and passenger service equipment, potable
water and lavatory chemicals
Crew and passenger baggage, special equipment, water and chemicals
Crew baggage, catering and other special equipment, potable water and
lavatory chemicals
Crew and their hold baggage, special equipment, water and contingency fuel
6
The maximum zero fuel mass is the maximum permissible mass of the aeroplane:
including all usable fuel unless the Aeroplane Flight Operations Manual
explicitly excludes it
with no usable fuel unless the Aeroplane Flight Manual Limitations explicitly
include it
with no usable fuel
including the fuel taken up for take-of
7
The maximum structural take-off mass is:
the maximum permissible total aeroplane mass for take-off subject to the
limiting conditions at the departure airfield
the maximum permissible total aeroplane mass on completion of the
refuelling operation
the maximum permissible total aeroplane mass for take-off but excluding fuel
the maximum permissible total aeroplane mass at the start of the take-off run
8
The regulated take-off mass:
is the maximum performance limited take-off mass subject to any last minute
mass changes
is the maximum structural take-off mass subject to any last minute mass
changes
is the higher of the maximum structural zero fuel mass and the performance
limited take-off mass
is the lower of maximum structural take-off mass and the performance
limited take-off mass
9
The take-off mass is:
the maximum permissible total aeroplane mass on completion of the
refuelling operation
the maximum permissible total aeroplane mass for take-off but excluding fuel
the mass of the aeroplane including everyone and everything contained
within it at the start of the take-off run
the maximum permissible total aeroplane mass at the start of the take-off run
10
The operating mass:
is the dry operating mass and the fuel load
is the lower of the structural mass and the performance limited mass
is the higher of the structural mass and the performance limited mass
is the actual mass of the aircraft on take-of
